Fluid inlet pipe for radial flow elastic fluid turbines



- O; A. WIBERG FLUID INLET PIPE FOR RADIAL FLOW ELASTIC FLUID TURBINESFlled June 26 1944 June 22, 1948.

Patented June 22, 1943 UNITED.

FLUID INLET PIPE FOR RADIALFLQW ELASTIC FLUID TURBINES Oscar AntonWiberg,Fi-'nspong, Sweden Application June 26, 1944, Serial Nol 542,208-In Sweden July. 3,.1 943 This invention relates to radial flow elasticfluid turbines of the type having an added set of axial flow blades andin which the driving fluid is admitted through pipes leading tochainbers provided in fluid chests located on both sides of the turbineinside the turbine casing.

Hitherto, as a rule, said pipes have been connected to the fluid chestsfrom below, which has resulted in an unequal heating of the stationaryinner members of the turbine and an unsuitable location of the pipesfrom a streaming point of view.

The invention has for its object to provide an improved arrangement ofthe pipes in order to allow the placing thereof at the greatest distancepossible from the axial blade system of the turbine. This leads to theadvantage that the pipes may not interfere with the flow of drivingfluid, hereinafter referred to as steam, as exhausted from the axialflow system or only interfere with same to a neglectable extent, therebyavoiding detrimental vibrations of' the radially positioned blades ofthe axial flow system.

According to the invention the ends ofthe steam inlet pipes connected tothe steam chests are located in or adjacent to the horizontal plane thatmay be laid through the joint between the upper and lower halves of theturbine casing.

In the accompanying drawing an embodiment of the invention isillustrated. Fig. 1 is a horizontal central section of part of a radialflow turbine having an added set of axial flow blades. Fig. 2 is adiagrammatic illustration, showing on a smaller scale than that of Fig.1 a vertical cross section on the line 11-11 of Fig. 1, of some of theelements shown in Fig. 1, as the turbine casing with steam chest, inletpipe and stays therein.

The turbine shown in the drawing is of the double rotation type. In Fig.1 the end of one of the oppositely rotatable turbine shafts is shown anddesignated by the reference numeral l The respective turbine shaft isindicated at 3. It is mounted in conventional way in the turbine casing2. Shaft end 5 supports the turbine disc 4 which is sealed to the shaftend by the screw 5. The blading supported by the disc 4 comprises a setof radial flow blades l5 and added set of axial flow blades 1.

Inserted between the turbine disc 4 and the turbine casing 2 is a steamchest 8 surrounding the shaft end. Said steam chest contains twoconcentric steam chambers 3 and Ill, bounded axially at their sidefacing the blading 6 by means ofa disc I I belonging to a labyrinthpacking. Said packing includes in addition to the 1 Claim. (01. 253-165)iii a disc ll another disc attached to the turbine disc 4 and sets oftightening strips in the usual way.

The steam chest is supported by a supporting ring l2 bolted to theturbine casing 2 inside flange l3. Where the shaft end passes throughthe steam chest it is surrounded by a labyrinth type of shaft packing Il.

The steam is admitted to the turbine through pipes l5 connected to thesteam chest. According to the present invention said pipes are sopositioned as to approach the steam chest along or approximately alongthe horizontal plane that may be laid through the joint I5 of theturbine halves.

As will appear from Fig. 1, said positioning of the steam inlet pipespermits directing the portions of the pipes lying in or adjacent to saidhorizontal plane in an oblique outward direction as reckoned from thecentral part of the turbine without any trouble as far as the mountingof the pipes is concerned. By this means the pipes may be located at agreater distance from the axial flow system, thereby reducing theirdisturbing effect on the flow of steam as exhausted from the axial flowsystem and the imparting of vibrations to said system as well. Anotheradvantage involves the symmetric admission of steam to the steam chestwith a resulting uniform heating of the steam chest, the supporting ringl2 and the turbine casing, thereby avoiding displacements of steamchests and labyrinth packings. By this means the wear of the tighteningstrips of said packings may be reduced.

The pipes l5 comprise,.preferably, a straight portion l5 secured to thesteam chest by a rolling operation, a curved portion l5" welded at l9 tothe portion l5 which is only as long as necessary for allowing itsmounting and dismantling without interfering with the stays ll in theturbine casing, and an outer portion l5' welded at 19' to the portion IEor connected thereto by mechanical connecting elements, as indicated at3. The welded joints between the pipe sections l5, l5" and 15" aredesignated by the reference numeral l9 in the drawing.

What I claim is:

In an elastic fluid turbine, in combination, a central blade system forradial flow of elastic driving fluid, a blade system for axial fiow ofelastic fluid, located at a greater radial distance from the axis of theturbine than the outermost lade ring of the radial system and axiallydisplaced with relation to the radial system for receiving the drivingfluid discharged therefrom,

:a turbine casing for enclosing said blade systems,

portion of the pipes next to the chambers being located in proximity tothe horizontal plane through said joint symmetrically with respect tosaid horizontal plane as well as with respect to the vertical planethrough the axis of the turbine, the portions of the pipes in front ofthe axial blade system being located at a greater distance tal jointbetween the members of the casing, thef from the centre of the turbineas represented by the radial flow system than the ends of the pipesconnected to the fluid admission chambers.

OSCAR ANTON WIBERG.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file'ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENT Number Name Date 1,349,878 Doran Aug. 17, 19201,378,506 r Wiberg May 17, 1921 1,915,459 Wiberg June 27, 1933 FOREIGNPATENTS Number Country Date 403,539 Great Britain Dec. 28, 1933 573,433Germany Apr. 1, 1933

